Hi friends!!
The fifth session at SOAR, which started with a brief explanation by one of our friend about the C concepts like branching, looping and operators, emphasized on the role of avionics in aircrafts.
Avionics is basically a combination of all electronics and electromechanical system and subsystems installed in an aircraft or attached to it. Though the avionics system is the central integrating technology but it cannot work on all it’s on. The various requirements of the avionics can be summarized into
Safety of the flight Mission of the aircraft Life cycle cost/cost of ownership Certification for flying from their respective regulatory and advisory agencies We then saw the avionic systems implemented on a multipurpose aircraft and listed out few of them as
GPS : Global Positioning Satellite IFF : Identifying Friend or Foe ( it generates a specific code to differentiate between a civil or a fighter A/C MLS : Microwave Landing System Weather RADAR Glideslope : Part of an ILS system DME: Distance Measuring Equipment for giving the pilot an approx measurement of the slant distance from the runway. Marker beacon: Mostly installed at both the ends of the runway, provides information to the pilot about the height, distance etc during final approach in low visibility (outer marker), during missed approach (middle marker) and during arrival at the runway beginning (inner marker). VHF: Very High Frequency ATC transponder: A transmitter responder that interacts with RADAR frequency on ground giving the details about the A/C positions. TCAS Radio altimeter: Tells the height of the plane. Military VHF Line TV ADF: Automatic Direction Finder VHF satcom, C-band satcom etc. Some of the important systems apart from the above mentioned avionic systems that were discussed include:
Various navigation systems used, like ¨ Absolute navigation system
¨ Dead reckoning navigation system used during Visual Flight Rules.
¨ Mapping navigation system
Flight control: consists of all the necessary mechanisms to control the direction of the A/C. Engine control FMS: Flight Management System stores the coordinates of en route way points and calculates the steering signals using GPS or INS to fly towards them. It can guide a plane in autopilot mode along the route and also can control the engine thrust. Subsystem monitoring and control Collision avoidance: The two important systems under these are TCAS and EGPWS. Weather detection using weather RADAR, lightening detection system. ELT: Emergency Location Transmitter gives an alarm either automatically or manually on experiencing a high-gravity impact on collision to ground or crashing. It is tuned to 121.5 (emergency frequency),243 and 406 MHz Target sensors Weapon management, ECMs, mission planning and formation flight.We then got an idea about the various regulatory and advisory agencies in operation across the globe. Some of them being FAA, ICAO, FCC, RTCA, ARINC, DO-178A, DO-160D, SAE, IEEE, JAA, DGCA UK, DGAC France, DGCA India etc. After that we got an insight into anti collision system
- EGPWS (Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System) which provides information about the surrounding terrain. We were also told about the seven modes of EGPWS i.e., excessive descent rate, excessive close to the terrain, altitude loss after take off, unsafe terrain clearance, excessive Glideslope deviation, bank angle and wind shear alerting.
- TCAS (Traffic Collision Avoidance System) which consists of traffic advisories (TAs) and resolution advisories (RAs).
Apart from this domain knowledge we were shown some professional coding which derived its variables from the airbus coding standards.
The session concluded with a description about the indigenous LCA-Tejas by our TL.
Have a good day ahead!!
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